What aspect of communication does paralanguage influence?

Paralanguage significantly influences emotional expression in communication. This term refers to the non-verbal elements that accompany spoken language, such as tone of voice, pitch, volume, and speech rate. These vocal characteristics convey emotions and attitudes, allowing listeners to interpret the speaker's feelings or intent beyond the literal words used. For instance, a warm and cheerful tone can enhance a friendly message, while a flat and monotone delivery might suggest disinterest or sadness, despite the words being spoken. Understanding how paralanguage affects emotional expression helps communicators effectively convey and interpret feelings within conversations.