Which type of power is based on special knowledge, skills, and expertise?

The type of power that is based on special knowledge, skills, and expertise is known as expert power. This form of power arises from an individual's deep understanding or proficiency in a particular area, making them a valuable resource for others. Expert power is particularly influential because it fosters trust and respect among peers, who look to the expert for guidance and insights.

Individuals who possess expert power are often sought after for their opinions and are capable of influencing decisions and outcomes due to their recognized capabilities. This power is not derived from formal authority or position, but rather from the skills and knowledge that the individual holds, which can significantly impact group dynamics and organizational effectiveness.

In contrast, the other types of power mentioned relate to different sources of influence. Informational power pertains to the ability to control the flow of information, legitimate power comes from a formal position or role within an organization, and referent power is based on personal traits and the respect or admiration one garners from others. Understanding these distinctions helps in recognizing how different sources of power can impact interpersonal and organizational communication dynamics.